biochemistrydefinitions

easy biochemistry :

Amino acid synthesis: synthesis of different type of amino acids

HMp shunt: hexose mono phosphate synthesis of hexoses ( 6 moleculecarbon compounds)

through a short cut manner

Glycolysis: the reaction where glyc-glucose lysis-breaks

gluconeogenisis: gluco- glucose genesis-birth i.e formation of new glucose molecule

glycogenesis- formation of glycogen molecule

glycogenolysis- breaking of glycogen molecule

ketogenesis: synthesis of ketones( acetone , acetoacetate)

lipogenesis:/fatty acid syntheisis: formation of fat or lipid milecule

lipolysis- breaking of lipid molecules

oxidative phosphorylation : synthesis of Atp with electron transport chain

oxidative deamination: liberation of free ammonia from amino group of aminoacids

transamination: transfer of amino group from an amino acid

tca cycle: tricarboxylic acids: sysnthesis of tricarboxylic acids like

cis aconitate, citrate ,isocitrate.

nucleotide synthesis: synthesis of nucletides purines (Adenine, guanine)and pyramidines(cytosine , thymine)

urea cycle : generation of urea

types of reactions:

1) reversible reactions:

a ---->b & b----->a

2) irreversible reactions:

a----> b but b---//--->a(// cannot produce)

basic type of type reactions:

carboxylation: addition of carboxyl group

dehydration: removal of water molecule

hydration: addition of hydrogen molecule

isomerization: same tyupe of molecule but just a small change in chemical formula ex: glucose to fructose

phosphorylation: formation of a phosphate molecule.

type of reactions based on availability of oxygen :

aerobic: in the presence of air ( oxygen)

anaerobic : ana: without aero: air( no oxygen)

type of enzymes involved:

kinase: concerned with phosphorylation process

isomerase : with isomerization reactions

mutases: which change the position of a molecule mainly phosphate molecule

phophotases: which decrea

se the number of phosphate molecule

dehydrogenase enzyme: for oxiadtion/dehydrogenation process

translocase: which locates a particular molecule in other places

synthase: which synthesizes the requires molecule

lyase : breaking enzyme breaks a bond