biotechnologyjntusyllabus

II YEAR ISEM
TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN BIOPROCESS[SubJECT code:07A52301]


SYLLABUS AVAILABILITY:
1-5 UNITS BOOK:[ R.B BIRD, WE.STEWART,E.N.LIGHTFOOT, TRANSPORT PHENOMENA JOHN WILEY AND SONS
unit-1 MOMENTUM TRANSPORT -1, MOMENTUM TRANSPORT-II, ENERGY TRANSPORT-I, ENERGY TRANSPORT-II,MASS TRANSPORT
4TH UNIT- ENERGY TRANSPORT -II - CHAPTER 8 DORAN
6-8 UNITS: BOOK [BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES BY DORAN
UNIT-6-8 MASS TRANSPORT II , MASS TRANSPORT-III, OXYGEN TRANSPORT

BIOCHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-I [SUBJECT CODE:07A52302]


UNIT-1: FUNDEMENTALS OF REACTION ENGINEERING-
BOOK:[O.LEVENSPIEL.CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING 3 ED]
UNIT-II AND UNIT-3
REACTIONS INOLVING CELLS-I, REACTIONS INVOLVING CELLS-II
BOOKS[ DG.RAO- CHAPTER 8 AND CHAPTER 10 , , SHULER AND F.KARGI CHAPTER 7 AND CHAPTER 10,, , ]
TOPICS : batch , fedbatch, continuous operation of mixed reactors, pg-376. BOOK[P.M DORAN]
UNIT-IV: REACTIONS INVOLVING CELLS-III: BOOK;[CHAPTER 7 OF SHULER & KARGS BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING]

UNIT-V: MULTIPLE REACTIONS
BOOKS;[CHAPTER 11. DGRAO]
UNIT-VI , UNIT-VII, UNIT-VIII MECHANISMS AND KINETICS OF ENZYME ACTION, ENZYME IMMOBILIZATION, MASS TRANSFER EFFECTS
IN IMMOBILIZED ENZYME SYSTEMS
BOOKS:[CHAPTER 1 AND CHAPTER 2 OF BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING BASIC CONCEPTS BY BLANCH]



BASIC INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY



UNIT-1: PRODUCTION OF PRIMARY METABOLITES
UNIT:2: SECONDARY METABOLITES
UNIT-3: PRODUCTION OF COMMERCIALLY IMPORTANT ENZYMES BOOK:[INSUTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY BY AH.PATEL]
UNIT-4: RECOMBINANT PROTIENS
UNIT5 :BIOPRODUCTS AND OTHER PROCESSES
BIOLEACHING : REFER MASS TRANSFER BY TREYBALL/ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY BY CHATTERJEE
UNIT-6, UNIT-7, UNIT-8
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTE WATER , BIOREMEDIATION,HAZARDOUS WASTE MANGEMENT
BOOK:[ENVIRONMENTAL BIOTECHNOLOGY BY JOGDAND]



PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY

unit 1, unit-2, unit-3 ,unit-4,unit-6,
TISSUE CULTURE, TISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONS-I, TISSUE CULTURE APPLICATIONS-II,
PLANT TRANSFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE,(BIOTIC STRESS)
PLANT GENETIC ENGINEERING FOR PRODUCTIVITY AND PERFORMANCE,(ABIOTIC STRESS),
TEXTBOOK:[H.S CHAWLA 2ND EDITION PAGE NO:UNIT-1:14-23 AND 27-57
PAGE NO:UNIT-2:PAGENO: 74-87, 110-133
PAGE NO:UNIT-3:57-74
PAGE NO:UNIT-4:359-396
PAGE NO:UNIT-5:396-428
PAGE NO:UNIT-6: 396-428]
UNIT-7:MOLECULAR FORMING &INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS
BOOK[TEXT BOOK OF BIOTECHNOLOGY BY HK.DAS PAGE NO:328-333
OTHER RC.DUBEY TEXT BOOK OF BIOTECHNOLOGY:PAGENO:1111-1119
UNIT-8: METABOLIC ENGINEERING:BOOK[ BIOTECHNOLOGY BY U.SATYANARAYANA PAGE NO:622-637]

COMMON REFERENCE: MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY BY BERNARD -511-589]

MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS AND FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
BOOK: ARYASRI

biochemistry old papers- jntu- 2-1 btech biotechnology - biochemistry old papers

Code No: RR212304 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
BIO-CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) What is a disaccharide ?
(b) Give two examples with structure?
(c) Discuss the role of any two disaccharides is nutritional metabolism? [3+4+9]
2. Write briefly on
(a) Dextrans
(b) Glycosaminglycans
(c) Glycosidic bond [5+5+6]
3. Describe the regulatory steps in the biosynthesis of
(a) Cholesterol
(b) Fatty acids [8+8]
4. Write short notes on
(a) Ammoina formationin biological systems.
(b) Any three specialized products of aminoacids.
(c) Zwitter ion. [5+5+6]
5. (a) What are different biosynthetic families of amino acids:- Bacteria and plant
discuss briefly.
(b) What are the processors for amino acid biosynthesis. [8+8]
6. Describe the pathways involved in:
(a) Glycogenesis
(b) Glycogenolysis [8+8]
7. Differentiate between oxygen-producing photosynthesis and bacterial photosynthe-
sis. [8+8]
8. C4 plants are typical of highly luminous environments, and may be more affected
by shade than C3 plants. Why do you think this may happen? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR212304 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
BIO-CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) What is a disaccharide ?
(b) Give two examples with structure?
(c) Discuss the role of any two disaccharides is nutritional metabolism? [3+4+9]
2. What is a glycosidic bond? Illustrate with structures of suitable examples [16]
3. Write notes on the following:-
(a) Very low density lipoproteins.
(b) Fatty acid break down. [8+8]
4. Give any three reactions of aminoacids and add a note on titration curves. [16]
5. Describe the pathways in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. [16]
6. Schematically trace the pathways involved in the synthesis of glucose from
(a) Alanine
(b) Fatty acid [8+8]
7. What is photosynthesis? Describe the bacterial photosynthesis mechanism.[3+13]
8. What are the primary products of photosynthesis and how do other organisms use
them? [5+11]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR212304 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
BIO-CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) What is a disaccharide ?
(b) Give two examples with structure?
(c) Discuss the role of any two disaccharides is nutritional metabolism? [3+4+9]
2. Enumerate the major storage forms of carbohydrates in plants. Illustrate the salient
features of the carbohydrates in plants. [8+8]
3. Describe the regulatory steps in the biosynthesis of
(a) Cholesterol
(b) Fatty acids [8+8]
4. Explain the role of pyruvate in nitrogen fixation. [16]
5. Describe the pathways in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. [16]
6. “TCA cycle is the final common pathway of oxidation of carbohydrates, proteins
and lipids”- Substantiate the statement. [16]
7. Define the following terms: photosynthesis, light reaction, and dark reaction. [16]
8. List the inputs (raw materials) and outputs (products) of the light dependent re-
actions and the Calvin Cycle. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: RR212304 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
BIO-CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) Name four monosaccharides and their natural occurance in nature.
(b) Write their chemical structures.
(c) Discuss their importance in nature. [4+4+8]
2. Illustrate the branching points of glycogen and starch polysaccharides. Explain the
salient features of these polymers. [16]
3. Explain how the processes- biosynthesis and break down of fatty acids are regulated.
[16]
4. What is a peptide linkage? Describe how aminoacid sequence determines primary
structure of proteins. [3+13]
5. Describe the pathways in the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. [16]
6. Describe the pathways involved in:
(a) Glycogenesis
(b) Glycogenolysis [8+8]
7. Discuss the process of plant photosynthesis in detail. How is it different from the
bacterial photosynthesis? [8+8]
8. C4 plants are typical of highly luminous environments, and may be more affected
by shade than C3 plants. Why do you think this may happen? [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆

cellbiology - supply- jntu old question papers

Code No: 33111 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Describe the structure of a generalized prokaryotic cell. Indicate the ways in which
a prokaryotic cell would differ in structure from the generalized eukaryotic cell. [16]
2. What are microtubules structurally and functionally? [16]
3. What are cell organelles? Why are mitochondria important for the functioning of
eukaryotic cells? [16]
4. What are Lysosomal & Vacuolar membrane pumps? [16]
5. During which phase of mitosis do the nucleolus and the nuclear membrane break
down and disappear? Describe the roles that the spindle fibers play in mitosis.
[16]
6. Q14. Write short notes on:
(a) Pattern of stem cell division
(b) Different types of stem cells. [8+8]
7. How are receptors involved in cellular regulation? [16]
8. Citing a suitable example, explain the role of cAMP as secondary messenger in
hormone action. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: 33111 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Compare and contrast the properties and strategies of eukaryotic and prokaryotic
cells in terms of cell size, compartmentalization, nuclei, internal membranes, DNA
and cell specialization. [16]
2. Discuss the major components of plasma membrane. [16]
3. Discuss each of the following:
(a) the structure and role of the cell membrane
(b) the structure and role of mitochondria. [16]
4. What is the difference between simple diffusion and Fasciliated diffusion? [16]
5. Give an overview of the major events taking place in a typical eukaryotic cell cycle.
[16]
6. With respect to cell differentiation write notes on:
(a) Cytoplasmic determinants
(b) Nucleoplasmic interactions. [8+8]
7. Briefly explain the different classes of cell surface receptors. [16]
8. Using a suitable example discuss the role of secondary messengers in signal trans-
duction. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: 33111 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. How can you determine whether a unicellular organism is a prokaryote or a eukary-
ote? Justify your statement with suitable illustrations. [16]
2. Discuss the importance of Carbon in a living cell. [16]
3. Cite the one unique function of each of the following: plasma membrane, nucleus,
nuclear envelope, mitochondrion, chloroplast, RER, SER, Golgi complex, secretory
vesicles, lysosome, peroxisomes, ribosomes, cytoskeleton, microtubules, microfila-
ments, intermediate filaments, extracellular matrix, cell wall. [16]
4. What are Lysosomal & Vacuolar membrane pumps? [16]
5. Write about the early experiments, which led to the discovery of cyclin dependent
kinases. [16]
6. Using suitable examples explain cytoplasmic determinants in cell differentiation.
[16]
7. Define a “receptor”. Discuss briefly the different types of receptors. [16]
8. Define signal transduction and explain it briefly. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1
Code No: 33111 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, May/Jun 2009
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Compare and contrast the properties and strategies of eukaryotic and prokaryotic
cells in terms of cell size, compartmentalization, nuclei, internal membranes, DNA
and cell specialization. [16]
2. Justify the statement “Plasma membrane acts as a semi-permeable membrane in
libing cells”. [16]
3. What is the function of Peroxisomes? Where are they present? [16]
4. Describe the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis with suitable illustrations.
[16]
5. Drawl and label the cell cycle and describe the events that occur during each
stage/phase of the cell cycle. [16]
6. Discuss the general characteristics of cell differentiation. [16]
7. What role does flagellar motion play in bacterial chemo taxis? [16]
8. Define signal transduction and explain it briefly. [16]
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1 of 1

fludmechanics-jntu-old papers

Code No: 07A3EC02 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008
FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY
( Common to Electrical & Electronic Engineering and Production
Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) Discuss the influence of the following fluid properties on fluid motion
i. Viscosity
ii. Specific gravity
iii. Surface tension
iv. Bulk modulus
(b) If the surface tension at air water interface is 0.073N/m, What is the pressure
dierence between inside and outside of an air bubble of diameter 0.01mm?
[10+6]
2. (a) Describe stream line and stream tube with the help of neat sketches.
(b) For steady incompressible flow verify whether the following values of u and v
are possible:
i. u = 4xy + y2, v = 6xy + 3x
ii. u = 2x2 + y2, v = −4xy
iii. u = −x/ (x2 + y2), v = −y/(x2 + y2). [6+10]
3. (a) What are the construction details of a pitot tube and explain how it works?
(b) An oil of relative density 0.90 flows through a vertical pipe of diameter 20cm.
The flow is measured by a 20cm × 10cm venturimeter. The throat is 30cm
above the inlet section. A dierential U tube manometer containing mercury
is connected to the throat and the inlet. If coecient of discharge is 0.99 what
is the manometer reading for a flow of 50 lit/sec. [6+10]
4. (a) A nozzle of 56 mm diameter delivers a stream of water at 30 m/sec perpen-
dicular to a plate that moves away from the jet at 8 m/sec. Find the work
done and eciency of the jet.
(b) Prove that the force exerted by a jet of water on a fixed curved vane when the
jet strikes at the centre is F = ρav2 (1+cosθ) where
ρ = Mass density of water
a = Area of cross section of the jet
v = Velocity of the jet
θ = Angle of the curved plate at the out let. [8+8]
5. (a) Explain the inherent advantages, which make Hydropower more attractive.
(b) A runo stream with an installed capacity of 12000KW operates at 15% load
factor when it serves as a peak load station. What should be the lowest
discharge in the stream so that the station may serve as the base load station.
It is given that plant eciency is 70% when working under a head of 18m.
Also calculate maximum load factor of the plant when the discharge in the
stream rises to 18 cumecs [8+8]
6. (a) Define the terms: speed ratio, flow ratio and jet ratio
(b) An inward flow reaction turbine has external and internal diameters as 1.2 m
and 0.6 m respectively. The velocity of flow through the runner is constant
and is equal to 1.8 m/s. Determine:
i. Discharge through the runner, and
ii. Width at outlet if the width at inlet = 20 cm [16]
7. (a) Give the range of specific speed values of the Kaplan, Francis turbines and
Pelton wheels. What factors decide whether Kaplan, Francis, or a Pelton type
turbine would be used in a hydroelectric project ?
(b) A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 25 m develops 16000 kW shaft
power. The outer diameter of the runner is 4 m and hub diameter is 2 m. The
guide blade angle is 35. The hydraulic and overall eciency are 90% and 85%
respectively. If the velocity of whirl is zero at outlet, determine: (i) runner
vane angles at inlet and outlet, and speed of turbine. [8+8]
8. (a) What do you understand by characteristic curves of a pump? What is the
significance of the characteristic curves? Explain them in detail.
(b) The diameter of a centrifugal pump, which is discharging 0.035 m3/s of water
against a total head of 25 m is 0.05m. The pump is running at 1200 r.p.m.
Find the head, discharge and ratio of powers of a geometrically similar pump
of diameter 0.3 m when it is running at 2000 r.p.m. [8+8]

thermodynamics- old papers- jntu question papers

Code No: R050211802 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) Prove the following for a closed system .
For constant volume process Q = mCv (T2 − T1)
For constant pressure process Q =mCp (T2 − T1)
(b) Dierentiate between intensive and extensive properties with examples. [12+4]
2. (a) Claculate the work done for the following reversible process
i. Isobaric
ii. Adiabatic
(b) What are point and path functions ? Give some examples [8+8]
3. (a) Show that d
H
dp  s =
v
(b) Name the intensive and extensive parameters in the entropy representation .
Explain them.
(c) The entropy of hot baked potato decreases as it cools . is this a violation of
the increases of entropy principle ? Explain. [16]
4. (a) Explain the following
i. Gibb’s free energy
ii. Helmholtz function
(b) Prove thatW=n! / (n0! n1! n2!) WhereWis maximum possible arrangements.
[16]
5. (a) State and explain the third law of thermodynamics .what is its importance.
[6]
(b) Derive an expression to show variation of equilibrium constant with tempera-
ture. [10]
6. (a) What the relation between free energy and equilibrium constant for any reac-
tion and explain.
(b) At equilibrium of any reaction what is the relation of free energy change and
equilibrium constant and explain. [16]
7. (a) Explain the Duhrings rule and its importance.
(b) Explain the Truton’s rule and its importance. [16]
8. (a) Explain Zero order reaction.

(b) Explain collision theory of chemical reaction. [16]



Code No: R050211802 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) State and explain Zeroth law of thermodynamics.
(b) Distinguish clearly between integral and excess thermodynamic properties.
(c) Explain the limitations of thermodynamics. [6+5+5]
2. (a) Show that internal energy is a function of temperature only.
(b) The internal energy of a closed system is given by U = 100 + 50T+ 0.04T2
in Joules. The heat absorbed Q = 4000 +16T in Joules. ( T is in Kelvin ). If
the system changes from 500 K to 1000 K, what did the work done.
(c) Calculate the work transfer and change in internal energy if the gas is changing
its state from 1 bar, 270 to 20 bar, 4000 C polytropically. [6+6+6]
3. (a) Explain and discuss the importance of Second law of thermodynamics.
(b) i. Eciency of a cyclic process and
ii. Carnot theorem. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the following
i. Gibb’s free energy
ii. Helmholtz function
(b) Prove thatW=n! / (n0! n1! n2!) WhereWis maximum possible arrangements.
[16]
5. (a) State and explain the third law of thermodynamics .what is its importance.
[6]
(b) Derive an expression to show variation of equilibrium constant with tempera-
ture. [10]
6. (a) ‘Fugacity of a component is equal to its activity for ideal solution’. Say true
or false and explain why is it so.
(b) Derive an expression for the change in the free energy when 1gram mole of a
pure substance goes in solution. [16]
7. (a) Explain the Duhrings rule and its importance.
(b) Explain the Truton’s rule and its importance. [16]
8. (a) Explain the standard free energy change for any reaction. [6]
(b) Determine the equilibrium constant at 250c for the reaction
CH4(g) + H2O(l) ! CO(g) + 3H2(g)
Data: [10]
COMPONENT
0G at 250c
CO(g) -137.8 KJ/mole
CH4 (g) -50.09 KJ/mole
H2O (1) -238.0 KJ/mole


Code No: R050211802 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Define the following :
(a) Extensive property
(b) Charle’s law
(c) State property
(d) Critical temperature. [16]
2. (a) State alternative statement of the first law of thermodynamics .
(b) One mole of an ideal gas expands reversibly and isothermally from an initial
volume of V1 to the final volume of 10V1. During expansion the work done by
the system is 42kJ. If the final pressure is 100 bar, then calculate V1.
(c) What is an adiabatic process and what is an adiabatic system. [4+8+4]
3. (a) Is a process internally reversible and adiabatic, necessarily isocentropic? Ex-
plain.
(b) What is meant by the standard molar entropy of a substance? how are stan-
dard molar entropy are used to calculate the standard entropies of a reactions?
(c) Why are standard molar entropies some times called absolute entropires? Ex-
plain. [16]
4. (a) Explain the deductions of third law of thermodynamics
(b) Explain various methods of calculatation of
SO for a chemical reaction [16]
5. (a) State and explain the third law of thermodynamics .what is its importance.
[6]
(b) Derive an expression to show variation of equilibrium constant with tempera-
ture. [10]
6. (a) What the relation between free energy and equilibrium constant for any reac-
tion and explain.
(b) At equilibrium of any reaction what is the relation of free energy change and
equilibrium constant and explain. [16]
7. (a) From the classius clapeyron equation, derive the following.
Expression for the vapor pressure of liquid metal
Log P=A/T+B where A and B are constants.
(b) The vapor pressure P of liquid A is given by Log P (mm) = -2450/T +6.69
abd that of a solid A by log P(mm)=6947+10.8. Calculate the temperature
at which liquid and solid will have the same vapor pressure. [16]
8. (a) Bring out the important characteristic of a catalyst and explain its action.
(b) Explain the various factors aecting the rate of reaction. [16]
Code No: R050211802 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
THERMODYNAMICS AND KINETICS
(Metallurgy & Material Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) Name few macroscopic modes of energy and a few microscopic modes of energy.
(b) Distingush between study state and equilibrium.
(c) State and explain the criteria which the system should satisfy for it to be in
a thermodynamic equilibrium. [6+5+5]
2. (a) Distinguish between ‘Enthalpy’ and ‘heat capacity’
(b) A student made the following erroneous statement in a laboratory report on
Bomb Calorimetry.
“
H =
E + P
V. Since the bomb calorimetry process is a constant vol-
ume one,
V = 0 and
E =
H. Explain in detail why this arrangement is
incorrect. [6+10]
3. Calculate the standard entropy of a pure iron at 16270C if it’s standard entropy
at 250C is 6.50 Cal / deg / mole. The phase transformation in pure iron may be
represented as follows : [16]
< α−Fe >!< β −Fe >! 9100c < γ −Fe >! 14000c < δ−Fe >! 15390c{Fe}
Given data:
Cp, < α − Fe >= 4.18 + 5.9210−3 T cal/deg/mole
Cp, < β − Fe > = 9.0 cal/deg/mole
Cp, < γ − Fe >= 1.84 + 4.6610−3 T cal/deg/mole
Cp, < δ − Fe > = 10.50 cal/deg/mole
Cp, {Fe} = 10.0 cal/deg/mole
< α − Fe >!< β − Fe >;
H0
7600c = 660 cal/ mole
< β − Fe >!< γ − Fe >;
H0
9100c = 215 cal/mole
< γ − Fe >!< δ − Fe >;
H0
14000c = 165 cal/ mole
< δ − Fe >! {Fe};
H0
15390c = 3670 cal/mole
4. (a) What do you understand by the term free energy of a system. what is its
Significance?
(b) From the first principles, derive the equations for the Gibbs free energy
G =

H − T
S
(c) How can free energy change of a reaction determine experimentally. [16]
5. (a) What do you know about thermo chemical data. [8]
(b) Discuss the use of third law of thermodynamics in evolution of
SO of a
reaction [8]
6. (a) Derive Van ‘tho’s equation for the variation with temperature of equilibrium
constant.
(b) Explain how standard free energy of reaction related to the equilibrium con-
stant of a reaction. [16]
7. (a) Say true or false the following statements with suitable Explanation. Activity
of component can never be greater then unity in a system under equilibrium.
(b) State and explain Troutons rule. [16]
8. (a) Derive an expression for the rate constant of a first order reaction
(b) Discuss the importance of equilibrium constant and its eects on equilibrium
conversion. [16]

thermodynamics-old question papers- jntu

Code No: R05310803 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Water and a liquid mixture of propane and butane are admitted into a vaporizer at
50 oC and leave as vapors at 175 oC. The hourly 25 kg water, 350 kg propane and
550 kg of butane are admitted. Estimate the heat requirement in the vaporizer.
Component Latent heat of vaporization Boiling point a b×103 C×106
cal/gm mole at 100oC temp Tc
oC
Propane 5038 96.6 8.41 35.95 -6.97
Butane 6138 151.8 2.25 45.40 -8.83
Water 10388 96.6 7.14 2.64 0.046
Cp =a+bT+cT2 where Cp is in cal/mol.k and T is in K. Mention the assumption
made to solve the problem. [16]
2. (a) 40 kg of ethyl alcohol and 50 kg of acetic acid are charged into a reactor to
yield ethyl acetate as per the reaction,
C2H5OH (l) + CH3COOH (l) = C2H5OOCCH3 + H2O
The reaction is 60% complete. Estimate the heat eect of this process heat of
combustion in cal/mol: C2H5OH = -326700; CH3COOH = - 208300; C2H5OOCCH3
= - 538760, H2O(l)= - 68.3 Kcal/gm mole.
(b) Write short notes on eect of temperate on heat of reaction. [10+6]
3. (a) Estimate Z, HR and SR at 70 oC and 200Kpa for an equimolar vapor mixture
of propane and pentane using virial expansions B11 = -276, B22 = -809, B12
= -466 cm3/mol.
(b) Write and explain fundamental residual property relation. [10+6]
4. For Diethyl ether (1) - Chloroform (2) at 30 oC, γ
1 = 0.71 and γ
2 = 0.57, P1
sat =
33.73 kPa and P2
sat = 86.59 kPa. The system is believed to governed by Margules
type of equations for activity coecients. Prepare a p-x-y diagram for the system
at 30 oC. [16]
5. (a) Explain bubble print and dewprint.
(b) Describe the vapor/ liquid equilibrium calculation procedure for DEW P. Va-
por and liquid phases may be considered as non- ideal. [6+10]
6. Show that the residual Gibbs energy of fluids from Redlich-Kwong equation of state
is GR
RT = Z − 1 − ln(1 − h)Z −
Code No: R05310803 Set No. 4
8. For the gas phase reaction CO2 (g) + 2H2 (g) , CH3OH (g) at 10000 C and at
500 bar pressure,calculate the equilibrium composition using the following data:
K = 0.68 at 10000C; The fugacity coecients at this pressure:
CO2 =0.99; H2 = 1.15; CO = 1.08; H2O = 0.86. [16]

thermodynamics old jntu question papers

Code No: R05310803 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Water and a liquid mixture of propane and butane are admitted into a vaporizer at
50 oC and leave as vapors at 175 oC. The hourly 25 kg water, 350 kg propane and
550 kg of butane are admitted. Estimate the heat requirement in the vaporizer.
Component Latent heat of vaporization Boiling point a b×103 C×106
cal/gm mole at 100oC temp Tc
oC
Propane 5038 96.6 8.41 35.95 -6.97
Butane 6138 151.8 2.25 45.40 -8.83
Water 10388 96.6 7.14 2.64 0.046
Cp =a+bT+cT2 where Cp is in cal/mol.k and T is in K. Mention the assumption
made to solve the problem. [16]
2. Carbon monoxide gas is burned at constant pressure with 100% excess air. The
reactants enter at 25 0C and the exhaust gases leave the reaction chamber at 1200
0C Estimate the heat loss from the reaction chamber
Standard heat of combustion of CO=-282,900 J/mol
Cp =a+bT+cT2 Cp in J/mol-K, T in K
The constants of a, b, c are: [16]
a b×103 c×106
CO2 26.75 42.26 -14.25
N2 27.02 5.81 -0.29
O2 25.29 13.25 -4.20
3. (a) Derive an expression for estimating fugacity of a liquid at a given T and P.
(b) The partial molar volume of methanol in methanol- water. Solution at x1 =
0.3881 (mole fraction) is 39.176 × 10 −6 m3/mol. The density of the mixture
is 905.376 kg/m3. Calculate the partial molar volume of water in the solution.
[8+8]
4. Derive and discuss the Wilson equation as a model of solution behaviour for mul-
ticomponent system. Discuss the merits of this model over others. Explain its
temperature dependence also. [16]
5. (a) Explain bubble print and dewprint.
(b) Describe the vapor/ liquid equilibrium calculation procedure for DEW P. Va-
por and liquid phases may be considered as non- ideal. [6+10]
Code No: R05310803 Set No. 3
6. When the compressibility factor Z is a function of P, T show that the residual
entropy of fluids from virial equation of state is SR
R = −
P
R
dB
dT . [16]
7. Discuss about LLE and draw its solubility diagrams represented in the form of an
‘island’ [16]
8. In a laboratory investigation, acetylene is catalytically hydrogenated to ethylene at
1,1200C And 1 bar. If the feed is an equimolar mixture of acetylene and hydrogen,
what is the composition of the product stream at equilibrium? The reactions are
C2H2 ! 2C + H2
2C + 2H
K1= 4x105, K2 =2.5x10−6. [16]

thermodynamics-old papers-jntu syllabus

Code No: R05310803 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. If the heat capacity of the substance is correctly represented by in equation of the
form, Cp = A + BT + CT2
Show that the error resulting when H is assumed = Cp evaluated at the
arithmetic mean of initial and final temperature is C(T2 − T1)2/12. [16]
2. Calculate the maximum temperature in degree centigrade when the following gas
is burned with 30% excess air entering at 25 0C:
CO 30%
H2 15%
CO2 5%
N2 50%
The mean heat capacities of these gages (in cal/ g mole 0K) are:
CO : 7.587
H2 : 7.138
O2 : 7.941
N2 : 7.507
CO2 :11.92
H2O : 9.39
Heat of combustion data:
Hc (k cal/ g mole) CO = 67.63 and H2O = 68.32. [16]
3. Derive the relation for the calculation of Gibbs free energy of ideal gas mixture,
starting from fundamental property relation. [16]
4. Vapor-liquid equilibrium data for the system 1, 2 dichloro methane (1) /methanol
(2) at 50 oC are as follows:
P/kpa x1 y1
55.55 0.000 0.000
58.79 0.042 0.093
64.59 0.189 0.265
65.76 0.349 0.349
65.59 0.415 0.367
63.86 0.632 0.418
59.03 0.835 0.484
48.41 0.945 0.620
31.10 1.000 1.000

Determine the values of lnγ1 and lnγ2 using Margules equations. Also plot lnγ1 and
lnγ2 Vs x1. [16].
5. The excess Gibbs energy for a binary system is given by: GE/ RT = 0.45 X1 X2.
The pure component vapor pressures are given by:
ln P1
sat/kPa = 14.39−
2795.8
t/oC+230
ln P2
sat/kPa = 16.59−
3644.2
t/oC+239
Obtain the P-x, y diagram for this system at 50oC. [16]
6. Show that the residual Gibbs energy of fluids from Redlich-Kwong equation of state
7. Name the dierent types of binary mixtures in terms of solubility. What are the
thecritical solution temperature and the three phase temperature for a partially
miscible liquid solution. Show them on diagram. [16]
8. Write short notes on:
(a) Eect of temperature on equilibrium constant K
(b) Law of mass action. [8+8]

biochemical thermodynamics-jntu old papers-2008

BIO CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS Question Papers (Supple, 2008, Nov)

Posted by m.s.chowdary at 8:10 AM
Monday, December 22, 2008

SET: 1

1. Is it possible to prove the laws of thermodynamics? Describe in brief. (b) One mole of an ideal gas at 1.0MPa and 310K is heated at constant temperature till the volume is doubled again. Calculate the work done by the gas.

2. Name the methods by which the thermodynamic properties of fluids are usually presented. Discuss any two of them.

3. (a) What is the significance of the second law efficiency? (b) Define the second law efficiency of a process.

4. Prove the following:

a) Viid = Vi

b) Hiid = Hi

c) Vid = ΣxiVi

d) Hid =Σ xiHi
5. Show that when Lewis Randall rule is valid for one species in a linery solution, the Henrys law lis is valid for the other one.

6. Rate and equilibrium conversion of a chemical reaction depends of what parameters? How rate and equilibrium conversion varies in various situations. Give a suitable example to explain above.

7. Discuss in detail about the Thermodynamic principles.

8. Explain the aerobic production of a single extracellular product.

SET: 2

1. A reversible engine operating between a reservoir at 600K and the ambient atmosphere at 300K drives a refrigerator operating operating between 240K and the ambient atmosphere. Determine the ratio of energy rejected by both the devices to the ambient atmosphere to the energy absorbed by the engine from the reservoir at 600K.

2. It is desired to design a tank to store 10Kmol methane at 6MPa and 300K. Determine the size of the tank using the Red lich? Kwong equation of state. The critical constants of methane are
Pc = 4.6MPa and Tc = 190.6K.

3. (a) Give an example of a fundamental relation. (b) What is an equation of state? How many eequations of state are there for a single component of simple compressible substance.

4. (a) Discuss in brief heats of mixing, heats of reaction and heats of solution. (b) Show that heats of mixing are generally much smaller than heats of reaction.

5. Show that at equilibrium for a closed system, (dGi)T,P=0.

6. (a) Define reaction coordinate. What is its usefulness?
(b) For a system in which the following reaction occurs CH4 + H2o ---> CO +3H2,assume there are present initially 2mol CH4, 1molH2o, 1mol Co and4molH2. Determine expressions for the mole fraction yi as function of Є

7. (a) Describe the inter relationship amongst the metabolism, energy and redox processes.
(b) Explain the concept that ATP is the energy shuttle in the cell.

8. Discuss theoretical predictions of yield coeffiecients.


SET: 3

1. One mole of an ideal gas ( Υ = 1.4) at 0.5 MPa and 300K (state 1) is heated at constant pressure till volume is downloaded (state 2) and then it is allowed to expand reversibly and adiabatically till the temperature is reduced to 300K (state 3). Calculate the heat and work interactions. If it is desired to restore the system fron state 3 to its original state by a reversible isothermal path, determine the amount of work to be done on the system.

2. (a) What is ideal gas? Name the two basic assumptions, which were made use of in deriving the ideal gas equation of state from kinetic theory arguments. (b) Define thermodynamic properties, classify the thermodynamic properties. What is the use of such classification.

3. A particular thermodynamic system has the following equations of state.

1/T = 5NR/2U; P/T = NR/V

Obtain the third equation of state of the system.

4. (a) Discuss the importance of fugacity in thermodynamics. (b) Discuss fugacity and fugacity coefficient for pure species.

5. (a) For VLE at low to moderate pressures, discuss the nature of equilibrium. (b) For VLE, show that yi ØiP = xi Υi Pisat (i = 1,2,---------N).

6. Consider a system in which the following reaction occur,

CH4 + H2O ----> CO + 3H2 (1)

CH4 + 2H2O ----> CO2 + 4H2 (2)

Where the numbers (1) and (2) indicate the value of is the reaction index if there are present initially 2 mol CH4 and 3 mol H2O. determine expressions for the Yi as function of Є1 and Є2.

7. Discuss in detail about medium formulation.

8. Write short notes on:

(a) Respiratory quotient

(b) Oxidative Phosphorylation.


SET: 4

1. (a) Discuss limitations of first law of thermodynamics. (b) State alternative statements of first law of thermodynamics.

2. (a) What is ideal gas? Name the two basic assumptions, which were made use of in deriving the ideal gas equation of state from kinetic theory arguments. (b) Define thermodynamic properties, classify the thermodynamic properties. What is the use of such classification.

3. Show that for an ideal gas, (dE/dV)T = 0.

4.

5. Prove the following
(a) fi l = fi sat = ФisatPisat
(b) fi = ФisatPisatexp[Vil(P-Psat)/R.T]

6. For the equililnium state of a chemical reaction, show that .−RT lnK = ΔGo.

7. (a) Explain the Gaden classification from stoichiometric point of view the product formation in fermentation process.
(b) The following stoichiometric equation describes penicillin synthesis: 1.5 Glucose + H2SO4 + 2NH3 + phenyl acetate penicillin G + CO2 + 8H2O the theoretical yield of penicillin is 1.2g (gram of glucose). Find out the molecular weight of penicillin G

8. Discus in detail the heat evolved per equivalent of available electrons transferred to oxygen.

thermodynamics-jntu-oldquestionpapers

Code No: R05310803 Set No. 1
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2007
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS-II
(Chemical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) The latent heat of vaporization of ethyl alcohol is experimentally to be 200
cal/gm. at its normal BP of 78 0C. Its critical temperature is 243 oC. Estimate
the heat of vaporization at a temperature of 180 oC.
(b) Define of heat of solution based on one mole of solution and one mole of solute.
Also derive the relationship between them. [6+10]
2. The gas stream from a sulphur burner is composed of 45 mol % SO2, and 55 mol%
O2. This gas stream at 1 bar and 480 oC enters a catalytic converter when SO2
is further oxidized to SO3. Assuming that the reaction reaches equilibrium, deter-
mine how much heat must be removed from the converter to maintain isothermal
conditions per 100 mol of entering gas Cp / R = A + BT +D/T2 [16]
A 103 B 10−5 D
Hf, 25oC
Gof, 25oC
J/mol J/mol
SO2 5.699 0.801 -1.015 -296830 -300194
O2 3.639 0.506 -0.227 - - - - - - - - - -
SO3 8.060 1.056 -2.028 -395720 -371060
3. (a) Discuss the determination of fugacity from equation of state, with special
reference to Vander waals gas and show that, ln f = ln (RT/(V-b)) + b/(V-b)
? 2a/RTV.
(b) Show mathematically that the entropy change on mixing is not zero even for
ideal gases. [12+4]
4. (a) Elucidate the vapor-liquid equilibrium of binary systems with the help of p-x-y
and t-x-y diagrams.
(b) Write and explain models for excess Gibbs energy based on the local compo-
sition. [12+4]
5. (a) Discuss the phase rule and Duhem’s theorem for non-reacting system, explain
in detail.
(b) The binary system of benzene (1) / ethyl benzene (2) conforms closely to
Raoult’s law. Vapor pressures for the pure species are given by the following
Antoine equations:
ln p1
sat/kpa = 13.8594 −
2773.78
t/0C+220.07
ln p2
sat/kpa = 14.0045 −
3279.47
t/0C+213.2
Prepare P-xy diagram for a temperature of 900C. [6+10]
Code No: R05310803 Set No. 1
6. Determine expressions for GR, HR, SR implied by the vander waals equation of
state. [16]
7. Develop equations that apply to the limiting case of binary LLE for which the
α-phase is very dilute in spices 1 and the β-phase is very dilute in species2. [16]
8. A mixture of N2, H2 and Argon in the mole ratio 1:3:2 enters a catalytic reactor
for the synthesis of ammonia. The reactor is maintained at 400oC and 20 Mpa.
Estimate the degree of conversion (K = 1096104). [16

geneticengineering-btechbiotechnology-jntu oldquestion papers-2008

SET: 1

1. Write notes on any two:
(a) C-Protein
(b) DNA binding Proteins
(c) Beta-galactosidase

2. What is signal transduction? How does it help in regulating gene expression?

3. Write notes on any two:
(a) Inverted repeats
(b) Transposase
(c) P elements

4. Describe the method of isolating DNA from microbial cells.

5. (a) What is the difference between Southern and Northern blotting Techniques?

6. (a) Write about primer designing in PCR. Which DNA polymerase is used in PCR?

7. Write short notes on any two:
(a) AFLP
(b) VNTR sequences
(c) Gene chip

8. Discuss about viral methods used in doing In Vivo gene theraphy.


SET: 2

1. Explain the role of DNA binding proteins in Gene regulation.

2. Write notes on any two:
(a) Tissue specific enhancers
(b) Phosphorylated proteins
(c) TATA Box

3. Explain the structure of PBR 322.

4. Write notes on :
(a) M 13 Vectors
(b) Cosmids
(c) PUC 8

5. Write short notes on any two :
(a) Southern blotting
(b) Colony Hybridization.
(c) Radioactive labeling

6. Write about the contents of a reaction mixture for PCR analysis.

7. What is Repetitive DNA? Discuss its significance in a genome.

8. Differentiate between In vivo and Ex vivo gene therapy.


SET: 3

1. Discuss the regulatory components of the lac operon system.

2. Write notes on any two:
(a) Protein Kinases
(b) Second messengers
(c) Repetitive DNA sequences

3. Explain the application of Plasmids in genetic engineering.

4. Write notes on any two:
(a) M 13 vectors
(b) Cosmids
(c) PUC 8

5. Give a brief definition of a gene library. What is the essential difference between a genomic library and a cDNA library? List the major advantages/limitations on the use of each.

6. Write short notes on any two:
(a) DNA hybridization
(b) Reverse transcription
(c) Gel electrophoresis

7. Using suitable examples, explain the importance of 16S rRNA as a molecular marker.

8. Explain the detailed structure of a Ti Plasmid in Agrobacterium.


SET: 4

1. Explain the role of DNA binding proteins in Gene regulation.

2. Write notes on any two:
(a) Silencers
(b) Transacting regulatory proteins
(c) Britton and Davidson Model

3. Write an account on any two:
(a) Multiple cloning sites
(b) shuttle vectors
(c) PJDB219 plasmid vectro

4. What are restriction enzymes? How they are useful in genetic engineering?

5. Explain the expression of clones genes in Yeast using suitable examples.

6. Discuss about Multiplex PCR.

7. Write in detail about molecular markers and their importance.

8. Write short notes on any two:
(a) Transgenic chicken
(b) T-DNA in Ti Plasmid
(c) Recombinant Insulin

biochemistry-jntu-btechbiotechnology-jntuold question papers

Code No: R05212301 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
BIO CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Write short Notes:
(a) Homopolysaccharides
(b) Heteropolysaccharides
(c) Formation of Maltose
(d) Some Common Disaccharides. [4+4+4+4]
2. Explain the relationship between Glyoxylate and citric acid cycle. [16]
3. What do you understand by “redox” reactin? Write a note on oxidation versus
reduction in the biological system. [16]
4. Describe the amino acid residues in proteins are L stereo isomers. [16]
5. What is the key intermediate in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids? Sketch the
biosynthesis of tryptophan from chorismate, how it is regulated? [16]
6. (a) What are ceramides and sphingolipids? Give their structural features and
mention their biological roles.
(b) What are glycosphingolipids and cerebrosides. Mention their structural fea-
tures. [8+8]
7. Enumerate the dierent stages involved in the extraction of energy from food stus.
Outline the major pathways involved in this process. [16]
8. What is the mechanism of trapping the solar energy? What are the primary and sec-
ondary photoreceptor molecules? Explain the structural characteristics of chloro-
phylls. [16]

biochemistry-btechbiotechnology-jntu old question papers

Code No: R05212301 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
BIO CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Explain starch and glycogen are stored fuels? [16]
2. How the glucose level of blood is maintained in animals? Discuss the role of Hor-
mones in sugar regulation in the animal body. [16]
3. How is a concentration gradient of proton transformed into ATP? [16]
4. Summarize the sequence of process involved in Nitrification. [16]
5. What is a nitrogen cycle? Sketch the basic events involved in it. What are the
enzymes involved in this cycle? [16]
6. How a molecule of palmitic acid is completely oxidized in a mitochondrion. Enu-
merate the enzyme catalyzed reactions and calculate the energy yield? [16]
7. Enumerate the dierent stages involved in the extraction of energy from food stus.
Outline the major pathways involved in this process. [16]
8. (a) Compare the basic structural features of chloroplasts and mitochondria.
(b) How does photosynthesis in green and purple bacteria dier. [8+8]

biochemistry-jntu-btechbiotechnology-old questionpapers

Code No: R05212301 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
BIO CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What do you mean by Carbohydrates? Discuss the carbohydrates that are mem-
brane Components. [16]
2. How the glucose level of blood is maintained in animals? Discuss the role of Hor-
mones in sugar regulation in the animal body. [16]
3. Summarize the sequence of reaction involved in malate aspartate shuttle. [16]
4. Describe proteins conformation is stabilized largely by weak interaction. [16]
5. List out the amino acids that are synthesized using the precursor α-ketoglutarate
and sketch their biosynthesis. [16]
6. (a) What are structural lipids? Give their structural characteristics.
(b) Which are the phospholipids that have ether-linked fatty acids. Give their
structures and mention their physiologicsl significance. [8+8]
7. (a) What is substrate level phosphorylation? Explain its significance. Illustrate
two reactions in which such phosphorylation reactions occur.
(b) Sketch the biogenesis of ethanol. [8+8]
8. What is the electron flow in cyclic photophosphorylation. When this occur? Illus-
trate this phenomenon with the help of a flow-sheet diagram. [16]

biochemiostry-btechbiotechnology-jntu old question papers

Code No: R05212301 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
BIO CHEMISTRY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. In what forms carbohydrates are stored in plants and animals. Give the structural
Formulae for the constituents concerned. Write short note on it. [16]
2. How the glucose level of blood is maintained in animals? Discuss the role of Hor-
mones in sugar regulation in the animal body. [16]
3. Dierentiate between aerobic and anaerobic hydrogen transfer compare the energy-
yield of the two processes. [16]
4. Summarize the proper balance between the activities of the autotrophs and het-
erotrophs in our biosphere. [16]
5. (a) How microorganisms use ATP and a powerful reductant to convert molecular
nitrogen into ammonia?
(b) How is ammonia assimilated into amino acids? [8+8]
6. (a) Define the term lipid. How are they extracted form a natural source? What
are their general characteristic features?
(b) What are storage lipids? What is their composition? Sketch their physiological
functions. [8+8]
7. List out some of the products obtained from microbial fermentations. What is the
importance of industrial fermentations over the chemical synthesis that are carried
out in laboratories? [16]
8. What is non-cyclic photophosphorylation? When this event takes place. Illustrate
the electron flow with the help of a flow-sheet diagram. [16]

cellbiology-btechbiotechnology-jntu-oldquestionpapers-2008/

Code No: R05212303 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. With a neat labelled diagram explain the structure of a typical Prokaryotic cell.
[16]
2. Write notes on the following: [8 × 2 = 16]
(a) kinesins & Dyenins
(b) Myosins
3. How are lysosomes synthesized? Discuss their relation with endocytosis process in
a cell. [16]
4. Describe the process of receptor-mediated endocytosis with suitable illustrations.
[16]
5. What is the cell cycle? What are the stages of the cell cycle? How does the cell
cycle vary among dierent types of cells? [16]
6. Explain the term ”determinants” in cell dierentiation using suitable examples.[16]
7. What is the importance of receptors in cells? [16]
8. Define ”hormone”? What are the 4 major chemical classes of hormones? How
can you distinguish between a hormone & a neurotransmitter and hormones and
pheromones? [16]

cellbiology-old question papers-jntu-btechbiotechnology-2008

Code No: R05212303 Set No. 3
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What are the basisc properties of any living cell? [16]
2. What is meant by Motor proteins with respect to cytoskeleton. Explain citing
suitable examples. [16]
3. What are cell organelles? Why are mitochondria important for the functioning of
eukaryotic cells? [16]
4. Discuss the roles of [8 × 2 = 16]
(a) V-class proton pumps
(b) ABC Superfamily
in transport of substances across Plasma membrane.
5. Write about the early experiments, which led to the discovery of cyclin dependent
kinases. [16]
6. Using suitable examples explain Nucleoplasmic interactions in cell dierentiation.
[16]
7. What is the importance of receptors in cells? [16]
8. With respect to secondary messengers, write short notes on:
(a) cAMP
(b) cGMP. [8+8]

cellbiology-set-2-jntu-btechbiotechnology-2008-cellbiologyold question papers

Code No: R05212303 Set No. 2
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. Enumerate the characteristics of a living Cell. [16]
2. Explain with respect to plasma membrane structure [8 × 2 = 16]
(a) Fluid mosaic model
(b) Carbohydrate moieties
3. Describe the organization of the membranes of a chloroplast. How does this orga-
nization dier from that of mitochondria? [16]
4. Explain the process of endocytosis wiht in a cell in detail. [16]
5. Write short notes on:
(a) Interphase
(b) Cytokinesis. [8+8]
6. Using suitable examples explain cytoplasmic determinants in cell dierentiation.
[16]
7. Describe the major classes of cell surface receptors. Define briefly G-protein linked
and enzyme linked receptors? [16]
8. Write a short note on cGMP as secondary messenger in cell signaling. [16]

cellbiology-btechbiotechnology-jntu -old question papers-November 2008

Code No: R05212303 Set No. 1
II B.Tech I Semester Supplimentary Examinations, November 2008
CELL BIOLOGY
(Bio-Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. What are the basisc properties of any living cell? [16]
2. Describe three functions of microtubules and microfilament. Compare and contrast
microtubule assembly and intermediate filament assembly. [16]
3. What is the function of Peroxisomes? Where are they present? [16]
4. Give an overview of the various types of transport proteins which help in transport
across Plasma membrane. [16]
5. What happens during interphase? What structure cannot be seen in interphase
but can be seen in prophase? [16]
6. How are blood cells formed through stem cell concept? [16]
7. Discuss about the receptors that bind to DNA. [16]
8. Give a detailed account of the action of steroid hormones on cells. [16]

environmental science-jntu old question papers-2-1

Code No: 07A3EC11 Set No. 4
II B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2008
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
( Common to Electronics & Communication Engineering, Chemical
Engineering, Electronics & Telematics, Electronics & Computer Engineering
and Aeronautical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆ ⋆
1. (a) Define lapse rate and temperature inversion.
(b) List the dierent components of the biosphere and their interdependency.
[8+8]
2. (a) Describe ways of conserving metals and other mineral resources.
(b) What are the environmental hazards associated with mineral extraction. [8+8]
3. (a) Discuss on adaptation by natural selection.
(b) With a neat sketch, explain how the element carbon is recycled in nature.
[8+8]
4. (a) List the environmental services oered by biodiversity.
(b) Discuss the Biopiracy. [8+8]
5. (a) Describe the ‘Classification of air pollutants’.
(b) Explain the importance of control of air pollution in the preservation and
protection of environment. [8+8]
6. Discuss the concept:
(a) Global Warming
(b) Sustainable Development
(c) Environmental self Audit. [5+5+6]
7. Describe the role of any EIGHT of the following Naturalists or Environmentalists
or ENGOs with reference to ‘Society and Environment’:
(a) Sundarlal Bahuguna
(b) Medha Patkar
(c) Indira Gandhi
(d) Salim Ali
(e) Raschel Carson
(f) Sunita Narain
(g) Gro Harlem brundtland

(h) Maneka Gandhi
(i) Willium Wordsworth
(j) Louis Pasteur
(k) J.C. Bose
(l) Ramana Maharshi
(m) Helen Keller
(n) Wangari Maathai
(o) MOEF
(p) WWF
(q) UNICEF
(r) UNO. [16]
8. Prepare a report on what development you found ecological /environmental wise
in a nearby village/rural area near to you in the last five years. [16]